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{{TOCr}}
 
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=The Trial Process=
 
=The Trial Process=
  
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When a law is suspected of being broken in ME there are specific rules for opening and prosecuting that crime in any Kingdom’s Court of Law. The four roles who are integral to this '''Trial Process''' are the '''Judge''', the '''Prosecutor''', the '''Defendant''' and the '''Witnesses'''.
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When a law is suspected of being broken in ME there are specific rules for opening and prosecuting that crime in any Kingdom’s Court of Law. The four people who are integral to this '''Trial Process''' are the '''Magistrate''', the '''Prosecutor''', the '''Judge''', and the '''Defendant'''. Additionally the Prosecutor may appoint an '''Assistant Prosecutor''' and/or the Defendant may appoint a '''Defense Attorney''' to represent them in this process.
  
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==The Judge==
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==The Magistrate==
  
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The '''Judge''' is the one appointed IG; he/she is the President of the court of justice and is responsible for delivering the final verdict of every trial. Verdicts given by the Judge should attempt to impartially weigh the Kingdom’s posted Laws against the body of evidence provided by both the Defense and Prosecution.
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The Vassal elects the '''Magistrate''' from among the citizens of the country; he/she is the President of the court of justice, and is responsible for delivering the final verdict of every trial. Verdicts given by the '''Magistrate''' should attempt to impartially weigh the Kingdom’s posted Laws against the body of evidence provided by both the '''Defense''' and '''Prosecution'''.
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<u>The Judge must be present in the region where the trial is made for all the duration of the Trial.</u>
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==The Prosecution==
 
==The Prosecution==
  
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The '''Prosecutor''' is the person or institution who arraigns the Defendant.
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The Captain of the Guard leads the Prosecution’s case and functions as the '''Prosecutor''', or he may appoint an '''Assistant Prosecutor''' to act in his place.  
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The Prosecutor can appoint a '''Barrister''' who will pursue the prosecution. The appointed Barrister can be chosen only among the citizens of the country in which the trial is made or among the citizens with the same nationality as the Prosecutor.
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<u>It is not necessary for the Prosecutor/Barrister to be present in the region where the trial is made.</u>
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'''NOTE: In case of crimes against Institutions, the Prosecutor can be the Captain of the Guard, the Vassal or even the Regent himself or any other role that represents the institution. They can still appoint a Barrister.'''
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<div class='normalbox'>
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NOTE: In case of Captain of the Guard absence, the role can be taken by the Vassal or the King. '''In any case, it must be declared in the trial topic who will be the Prosecutor.'''
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</div>
  
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==The Defense==
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Any person who is a witness to a crime, a victim of criminal activity, or a victim of unfair treatment may contact the Captain of the Guard to present all relevant facts and evidence. The Captain of the Guard then decides whether the facts and/or evidence provided against a suspect merit the opening of a '''Trial'''. If so the Captain of the Guard then opens that trial in the appropriate Kingdom Court of Law sub-forum. He would then notify both the '''Defendant''' and the '''Magistrate''' via PM of the trial along with a URL link to the pertinent trial post.
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The '''Defendant''' is the person or Institution which is accused of committing a crime.
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The '''Defendant''' upon receiving notification of his trial may choose to defend himself on the forum, or he may appoint a '''Defense Attorney''' to act in his place. The role of the '''Defendant''' or '''Attorney''' in the trial is to present facts or evidence which will refute the Prosecution’s case against them during the '''Trial'''.
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The appointed Barrister can be chosen only among the citizens of the country in which the trial is made or among the citizens with the same nationality as the Defendant.
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<u>It is not necessary for the Attorney to be present in the region where the trial is made.</u>
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'''NOTE: In the case of crimes committed by Institutions, the Defendant can be the Captain of the Guard, the Vassal or even the Regent himself or any other role that represents the institution. They can still appoint an Attorney.'''
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In order to keep the defendant from leaving town during his trial, the Guard Captain may at any time choose to perform a ''Restrain'' act upon the defendant in order to keep that defendant within the country for a period of up to 48 hours.  
  
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==When and how is a Trial opened?==
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<div class='normalbox'>
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NOTE: It is possible for the Trial to continue past the 48 hour window of a ''Restrain'' act. Once a ''Restrain ''act has been lifted, the defendant should not leave town while his Trial is still active or the Trial will end immediately with a Guilty verdict automatically administered.
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</div>
  
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Any person who is a witness to a crime, a victim of criminal activity, or a victim of unfair treatment may contact a Judge of the Kingdom where the crime is committed to present all relevant facts and evidence. The Judge then decides whether the facts and/or evidence provided against a suspect merit the opening of a '''Trial'''. If so the Judge then opens that trial in the appropriate Kingdom Court of Law sub-forum. He '''must''' then notify both the '''Defendant''' and the '''Prosecutor''' via PM of the trial along with a URL link to the pertinent trial post.
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The Guard Captain may also choose to perform a ''Confiscate the Market Goods'' act(s) upon the defendant if the laws of the country give him that authority. In that case the Guard Captain holds those goods for safe keeping during the trial pending the resulting verdict.
  
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==The Judge==
  
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'''<center>Note: If the Defendant and/or the Prosecutor are not notified about the Trial, the Trial will be considered invalid.</center>'''
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Upon receiving notification of an opened trial, a '''Judge''' of the Kingdom where the trial is taking place must use the in-game functions of the Kingdom’s Court House building menu to create the [http://wiki.medieval-europe.eu/index.php/En_US_IGJustice#The_Crime_procedure Crime Procedure]. In the form he needs to fill out:
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Also the  '''Judge''' of the Kingdom where the trial is taking place '''must''' use the in-game functions of the Court House building menu to create the [[Court#Open_a_Crime_Procedure|Crime Procedure]]. In the form he needs to fill out:
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* The name of the '''Defendant'''  
 
* The name of the '''Defendant'''  
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* The URL link to the '''Trial'''
 
* The URL link to the '''Trial'''
  
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Once submitted, the Judge can go back to the Court menu to view and administer the Crime Procedure. When the trial has ended it is from this screen where the Judge sends out the Arrest Warrant, cancels the procedure, and/or imprisons the defendant.
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Once submitted, the Judge can go back to the Court menu to view and administer the Crime Procedure. When the trial has ended it is from this screen where the Judge sends out the Arrest Warrant, cancels the procedure, and/or imprisons the defendant. For more information on the Crime Procedure read the associated [http://wiki.medieval-europe.eu/index.php/En_US_IGJustice#The_Crime_procedure Wiki article].
  
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In order to keep the defendant from leaving town during his trial, the "victim" (or the Judge, when opening the trial) can contact the '''Guard Captain''', who may at any time choose to perform a ''Restrain'' act upon the defendant in order to keep that defendant within the country for a period of up to 168 hours.
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==The Defense==
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'''NOTE: Even if the max duration of a Trial should be 144 hours, it is possible for the Trial to continue past the 168-hour window of a Restrain act. Once a Restrain act has been lifted, the defendant should not leave town while his Trial is still active or the Trial will end immediately with a Guilty verdict automatically administered.'''
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The Guard Captain may also choose to perform a ''Confiscate the Market Goods'' act(s) upon the defendant if the laws of the country give him that authority. In that case, the Guard Captain holds those goods for safekeeping during the trial pending the resulting verdict.
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==Trial Duration==
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The maximum duration of a Trial is '''144 hours'''. A trial schedule may be shortened or increased if all the involved parties agree.
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[[File:trial-duration.png|400px|Trial Duration]]
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The '''Defendant''' upon receiving notification of his trial may choose to defend himself on the forum, or he may appoint a '''Defense Attorney''' to act in his place. The role of the '''Defendant''' or '''Defense Attorney''' in the trial is to present facts or evidence which will refute the Prosecution’s case against them during the '''Trial'''. If the '''Defendant''' chooses to appoint a '''Defense Attorney''', he should do so in the Trial Posting at his earliest opportunity.'''
  
 
==The Trial==
 
==The Trial==
  
 
[[File: Evidence Type 1|thumb|alt=text|'''Screenshot Evidence''':
 
[[File: Evidence Type 1|thumb|alt=text|'''Screenshot Evidence''':
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Screenshot evidence may be of an in-game function such as an Event List, a Character List, Inventory. Also, Personal messages can be presented as a piece of evidence, only if the content is clearly role-playing and after removing all RP-Off and RP “not related to trial” contents. Screenshots of Public messages (viewable to all) are also admissible if accompanied by the appropriate URL-link.]]
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Screenshot evidence may be of an in-game function such as an Event List, a Character List, Inventory, but may not include personal in-game or external messages without the author's express written consent. Screenshots of Public messages (viewable to all) are also admissible if accompanied by the appropriate url-link.]]
  
 
[[File: Evidence Tampering|thumb|alt=text|Admitting Screenshots or Signed Affidavits which are proven as untrue or shown to be doctored in any way is a serious crime which may then open the person(s) in question up to further prosecution and/or the case may be remitted to the Supreme Court of Europe on the charge of '''Willful Tampering of Evidence'''.]]
 
[[File: Evidence Tampering|thumb|alt=text|Admitting Screenshots or Signed Affidavits which are proven as untrue or shown to be doctored in any way is a serious crime which may then open the person(s) in question up to further prosecution and/or the case may be remitted to the Supreme Court of Europe on the charge of '''Willful Tampering of Evidence'''.]]
  
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The '''Trial''' must live as a Role-Play in the appropriate Kingdom High Court sub-board. Every '''Trial''' concerning cities of each Kingdom will take place in this sub-forum. Each step should be concluded within 24 hours of the previous step.  
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The '''Trial''' must live as a Role-Play in the appropriate Kingdom Court of Law sub-forum. Every '''Trial''' concerning cities of each Kingdom will take place in this sub-forum. Each step should be concluded within 24 hours of the previous step.  
  
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'''NOTE: If the Prosecution or the Defense does not post within the expected time for a given step, the Judge MUST proceed to the next step in the process as soon as he can.<br>If the Judge does not post within 12 hours more then the expected time, the Punishment must take into account the longer restrain (the Defendant should not leave the Kingdom until the trial is closed) and will be reduced.<br>If the Judge does not post for more than 48 hours, then the Trial must be considered not valid.<br>If there is a suspicion that longer time has been voluntarily used, the trial could be considered invalid by the Supreme Court.'''
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<div class='normalbox'>
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NOTE: If the Prosecution or the Defense does not present their case within their allotted 24 hours for a given step, the Magistrate has the power to proceed to the next step in the process.
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</div>
  
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The seven Trial steps are as follows:
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The six Trial steps are as follows:
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====1: Starting the Trial:====
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The '''Judge''' starts the Trial. He must present the Defendant and the Prosecutor and ask them if they want to appoint an Attorney (Defense) or a Barrister (Prosecution).
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'''NOTE: In case that any of the characters involved in the trial were already in meditation before the trial started, the Trial can't be opened and the judge should open a pre-advice (a post where is a reminder that a case has been opened). If the accused goes in Meditation AFTER the Trial is open and AFTER he has been informed about the Trial, the trial can go on.'''
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====1: Opening remarks by the Prosecution:====
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The '''Prosecution''' should open the trial with a presentation of the facts of the case, and a listing of what laws were broken by the '''Defendant'''. All evidence should be presented at this time and may take the form of a Screenshot (see sidebar).
  
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The Defendant and the Prosecutor must declare if they want to appoint someone or not, and tell the Judge who they are appointing.<br>
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====2: Opening remarks by the Defense:====
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Also, if the Defendant and the Prosecutor can’t find lawyers and can’t speak the native language of the Judge or of the other Parts, they can ask to have a “Basic English” trial, so that it could be understood using common translating tools.<br>
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The '''Defense''' should state their side of the case at this time and present any evidence which they have that refutes the facts or evidence which the '''Prosecution''' has presented. All evidence should be presented at this time and may take the form of a Screenshot (see sidebar).
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This whole step must be done within 24 hours from the Judge’s opening post.
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'''NOTE: If the Defendant and/or Prosecutor choose to appoint an Attorney and/or a Barrister, they won’t take part in the process anymore if not called as Witnesses.'''
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====3: Closing remarks by the Prosecution:====
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The '''Prosecution''' then may attempt to refute the presented facts/evidence of the '''Defense''' and may also ask up to 3 direct questions to the '''Defendant''' for which to answer. The '''Prosecution''' will then finish with their closing remarks.
  
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====4: Closing remarks by the Defense:====
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The '''Defense''' then may attempt to further refute the presented facts/evidence of the '''Prosecution''' and may answer any questions that the Prosecution has asked. The '''Defendant''' is not under any obligation to do so, however failure to answer questions could be interpreted by the '''Magistrate''' as an admission of guilt. The '''Defense''' will then finish with their closing remarks.
  
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====2: Opening remarks by the Prosecution:====
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====5: Verdict by the Magistrate:====
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The '''Prosecution''' should open the trial with a presentation of the facts of the case, and a listing of what laws were broken by the '''Defendant'''. All evidence should be presented at this time and may take the form of a Screenshot (see sidebar).<br>
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The '''Magistrate''' then weighs the facts and evidence presented by both parties and renders the '''Verdict'''. The '''Verdict''' can either be '''Guilty''' or '''Not-Guilty'''.  
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The Prosecution can call up to two '''Witnesses''', who will present their witness.<br>
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This whole step must be done within 24 hours from the Prosecutor post.
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====3: Opening remarks by the Defense:====
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====6: Sentencing or Remuneration by the Magistrate:====
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The '''Defense''' should state their side of the case at this time and present any evidence which they have that refutes the facts or evidence which the '''Prosecution''' has presented. All evidence should be presented at this time and may take the form of a Screenshot (see sidebar).<br>
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The Defense can call up to two '''Witnesses''', who will present their witness.<br>
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This whole step must be done within 24 hours from the Defense post.
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====4: Judge reflections:====
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If the Magistrate delivers a '''Guilty Verdict''',
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The '''Judge''' can ask some more explanation to the Parts. Answers will be given in the following steps.
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they must then notify the '''Judge''' and '''Guard Captain''' of the Verdict and the terms of the penalty in order to proceed to the '''Imprisonment''' or ''Arrest Warrant''.
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Otherwise, the Judge can simply say to go on with the Trial.<br>
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These steps must be done within 12 hours.
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====5: Closing remarks by the Prosecution:====
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If the Magistrate delivers a '''Not-Guilty Verdict''',
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The '''Prosecution''' then may attempt to refute the presented facts/evidence of the '''Defense''' and may also ask up to 3 direct questions to the '''Defendant''' for which to answer. The '''Prosecution''' will then finish with their closing remarks.<br>
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they must then notify the '''Judge''' of the Verdict, AND he must order the '''Guard Captain''' to release and/or reverse any ''Restrain'' or ''Confiscate the Market Goods'' acts which have been performed on the '''Defendant'''.
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This step must be done within 24 hours.
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====6: Closing remarks by the Defense:====
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The '''Defense''' then may attempt to further refute the presented facts/evidence of the '''Prosecution''' and may answer any of the questions that the Prosecution has asked. The '''Defendant''' is not under any obligation to do so, however, failure to answer questions could be interpreted by the '''Judge''' as an admission of guilt. The '''Defense''' will then finish with their closing remarks.<br>
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This step must be done within 24 hours.
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====7: Verdict by the Judge:====
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The '''judge''' then weighs the facts and evidence presented by both parties and renders the '''Verdict'''. The '''Verdict''' can either be '''Guilty''' or '''Not-Guilty'''.
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If the Judge delivers a '''Guilty Verdict''',
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he must then notify the '''Guard Captain''' of the Verdict and the terms of the penalty in order to proceed to the '''Imprisonment''' or ''Arrest Warrant''.
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If the Judge delivers a '''Not-Guilty Verdict''',
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he must order the '''Guard Captain''' to release and/or reverse any ''Restrain'' or ''Confiscate the Market Goods'' acts which have been performed on the '''Defendant'''.
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''The Trial now is officially closed.''
 
''The Trial now is officially closed.''
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Once notified of the Trial’s end, the '''Judge''' then administers the ''Crime Procedure'' and in the case of the delivery of a '''Guilty Verdict''' he then can ''Imprison'' the '''Defendant''' directly or if the Defendant has left town then he may issue an ''Arrest Warrant'' for which to return him to town.  
 
Once notified of the Trial’s end, the '''Judge''' then administers the ''Crime Procedure'' and in the case of the delivery of a '''Guilty Verdict''' he then can ''Imprison'' the '''Defendant''' directly or if the Defendant has left town then he may issue an ''Arrest Warrant'' for which to return him to town.  
  
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Upon receiving an ''Arrest Warrant'' the '''Guard Captain''' can now perform an ''Arrest'' act anywhere in Europe upon the guilty '''Defendant''' which will transport them both back to the Court House city/town and automatically ''Restrain'' the Defendant for 168 hours until the Judge is able to ''Imprison'' the Defendant. More information on the Arrest Process can be found in the associated [Court#Arresting_a_criminal|Arrest Article].
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Upon receiving an ''Arrest Warrant'' the '''Guard Captain''' can now perform an ''Arrest'' act anywhere in Europe upon the guilty '''Defendant''' which will transport them both back to the Court House city/town and automatically ''Restrain'' the Defendant for a further 48 hours until the Judge is able to ''Imprison'' the Defendant. More information on the Arrest Process can be found in the associated [http://wiki.medieval-europe.eu/index.php/En_US_IGJustice#Arresting_a_criminal Wiki article on Arrests].
  
 
In the case of a '''Not-Guilty Verdict''' the Judge simply closes the ''Crime Procedure'' and the '''Defendant''' is free to go.
 
In the case of a '''Not-Guilty Verdict''' the Judge simply closes the ''Crime Procedure'' and the '''Defendant''' is free to go.
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==Notes==
 
==Notes==
  
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* Only the niggers, Prosecutor, Defendant, appointed Prosecution Barrister, or appointed Defense Attorney and called Witnesses may speak during a trial. Whoever speaks without permission can be fined '''100 silver coins''' at the Judge's discretion, and they could be even punished for breaking forum rules. The fine will be collected by a ME Administrator, by force if needed.
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* Only the Magistrate, Prosecutor, Defendant, appointed Assistant Prosecutor, or appointed Defense Attorney may speak during a trial. Whoever speaks without permission can be fined '''100 silver coins''' at the Magistrate's discretion. The fine will be collected by Guglielmo di Valenza, by force if needed.
  
 
* Trials that don't follow the hereby described procedure may be considered void by ME Administration and the Supreme Court of Europe.
 
* Trials that don't follow the hereby described procedure may be considered void by ME Administration and the Supreme Court of Europe.
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[[Category: Rules]]
 

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